Answered By: Paul Lai
Last Updated: Jul 17, 2023     Views: 19974

There are three main types of journal articles: print, online with a digital object identifier (DOI), and online without a DOI. See below for example reference entries and in-text citations. 

 

References

References for all three of these types should begin with the same basic information: the author name(s), the publication year, the title of the article, the title of the journal, and the volume, issue, and page numbers.

Journal article references will typically use a DOI number or the webpage URL. If an article from a common academic research database does not have a DOI number, no DOI or URL is needed for the reference entry.

 

Type of document Example reference entry
Article with a DOI number

Author, A., & Author, B. (2013). Sample article title in sentence case. Sample Journal Title in Title Case, 1(2), 31-42. https://doi.org/10.24.1234-56789

Article with no DOI number found in a common academic research database

Author, A., & Author, B. (2013). Sample article title in sentence case. Sample Journal Title in Title Case, 1(2), 31-42.

Article with no DOI number found from an open access journal

Author, A., & Author, B. (2013). Sample article title in sentence case. Sample Journal Title in Title Case, 1(2), 31-42. https://www.samplejournal.org/article/fullurl

 

Remember to insert a hanging indent for each reference entry. See the Academic Skills Center's tutorials to learn how to create a hanging indent.

 

In-text citations

In-text citations for journal articles include the same basic information that all in-text citations include: author's last name, publication year, and when needed, the page number. This information appears either narratively (as part of the sentence) or parenthetically.

Citation type Example sentence with citation
Part of the sentence According to Kokkinos (2007), employers cause burnout when employees are stressed by too much work.
Parenthetical Employers cause burnout when employees are stressed by too much work (Kokkinos, 2007, p. 38).

 

 

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